Modes & Modal Theory

Dorian, Mixolydian, Lydian - what they are and how to use them.

The seven modes are the seven scales you get by starting the major-scale pattern from each of its degrees. Same notes, different home, different color.

Dorian is minor with a raised 6th (the Scarborough Fair sound). Phrygian darkens minor with a lowered 2nd. Lydian brightens major with a raised 4th. Mixolydian relaxes major with a lowered 7th, the backbone of rock and blues.

Recognizing a mode by ear means catching its one or two character notes against the familiar major or minor background. The trainer isolates exactly that comparison.

The seven diatonic modes and their step patterns
ModePatternCharacter note
IonianW - W - H - W - W - W - Hthe plain major scale
DorianW - H - W - W - W - H - Wraised 6th over minor
PhrygianH - W - W - W - H - W - Wlowered 2nd
LydianW - W - W - H - W - W - Hraised 4th
MixolydianW - W - H - W - W - H - Wlowered 7th over major
AeolianW - H - W - W - H - W - Wthe natural minor
LocrianH - W - W - H - W - W - Wlowered 2nd and 5th

Common questions

What are the 7 modes in order?

Ionian, Dorian, Phrygian, Lydian, Mixolydian, Aeolian, Locrian: the major scale started from its 1st through 7th degrees.

What makes Dorian different from natural minor?

One note: the 6th degree is raised. That single brightened note gives Dorian its hopeful-minor character.